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There's a high chance that most people at the top of any gameplay ladder (adventure/artisan/faction lvls) will be playing in groups/guilds. If one of the group decides to PK someone, the group can go grind some mobs to remove their corruption.
If they see a random player approaching their group, they'll assume it's a BH hunting their red player. They'll throw a few hits in his face (or use a ton of super weak abilities) to bring his HP bar down to mid-low decay stage and let the PKer finish him off w/o a problem (maybe even healing the PKer, if Intrepid allows it).
At this point the BH might bring some of their own guildies and it'll start a big ol' pvp war. That's fun and all, but the victim of that PKer can't go to that place now because there's a shitton of people killing everything that moves and most likely gathering stuff in the process.
Now that pvp-disliker doesn't have this particular content available to them. And depending on their progress lvl, they might not have any other worthwhile content to do, or they might only have the stuff they're not in the mood for.
I see it as a pyramid of progress. At the base of the pyramid you're at low lvl of your character progress (as are a lot of people around you). There's a shitton of stuff to do and barely any of it involves pvp. But the higher you progress, the less space there is and the more pvp-centered the content becomes. And after some time you can only level up in lvl 6 nodes, you can only gather super rare resources which are hunted by all the other people at the same lvl of progress (unless they allow us to gather anything at high artisan lvls, which imo would kinda ruin it for any new players), your quests would most likely involve higher lvled locations/mobs/bosses which all would be hunted by the high lvl pvpers.
All of that either involves direct pvp or has you dying to the numerous potential PKers who might not even have that high of a PK count, so their penalty is not even that high and BHs might not even get to them on time. At least that's how I see the game progressing. I might be completely wrong and Intrepid might be making the best PvX mmo out there, which, instead of siphoning its players towards soft friction, gives them ample space to coexist peacefully. Though I do recall Steven mentioning soft friction systems quite a bit in his interviews, so I'm not so sure Ashes is gonna be that kind of game.